Oro/Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma

2.10.1 Define the anatomic boundaries of the oropharynx and hypopharynx.

2.10.2 Discuss the lymphatic drainage of the oropharynx vs. hypopharynx.

2.10.3 Discuss T staging of oropharynx vs. hypopharynx.

2.10.4 A patient with tonsillar cancer complains of ipsilateral ear pain. Explain the pathways for this phenomenon. 

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2.10.5 A patient presents with a T2N1M0 SCCA of the tonsil. How will you manage this patient?

2.10.6 Describe surgical approaches to the oropharynx, as well as the advantages and limitations of each.

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2.10.7 What is the role of organ-preservation protocols in the treatment of carcinoma of the tongue base?

2.10.8 Discuss reconstructive options after total glossectomy. What are the long-term results in terms of speech and swallow?

2.10.9 What are the risk factors for hypopharyngeal carcinoma? 

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2.10.10 Discuss the role of lasers in the management of hypopharyngeal cancer. 

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Steiner W, Ambrosch P, Hess CF, Kron M. Organ preservation by transoral laser microsurgery in piriform sinus carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2001 Jan;124(1):58-67. PMID:11228455

2.10.11 What is the incidence of aspiration in patients who have undergone endoscopic laser resections of malignant tumors?

2.10.12 Do patients with advanced oropharyngeal carcinoma benefit from concomitant chemoradiation compared with radiation therapy alone?

2.10.13 Should patients with advanced oropharyngeal carcinoma undergo post-treatment neck dissections?

2.10.14 Is HPV status a prognostic or predictive factor for oropharyngeal cancer? What is the difference?

2.10.15 Describe the testing methods for HPV infection?

2.10.16 In addition to lateral neck management for hypopharyngeal cancers, which other levels need to be addressed?